Choose a baseline that represents normal operation
A baseline should describe energy use before an intervention under understood operating conditions. Review meter coverage, time intervals and data quality, then select a period representative of the facility. For offices, weather and occupancy may drive variation; for manufacturing, output and shifts may be stronger influences. Cold storage may require consideration of throughput and product loading. Do not treat an abnormal shutdown or incomplete billing period as normal performance.
Normalise only where the evidence supports it
Weather normalisation and regression can help explain consumption, but a model is useful only when its inputs match the site’s behaviour. Check fit, residuals and the range of conditions represented by the data. Record model limitations and unexplained changes. Multi-site comparisons should group comparable facilities and use appropriate activity measures; energy per floor area alone can misrepresent a building with a process load or extended operating hours.
Model measures and their interactions
Use engineering calculations or simulation at a level appropriate to the decision and available information. Enthalx combines site evidence with its in-house proprietary software, developed from practical engineering experience and multiple energy audits, to investigate performance and test scenarios. Document assumptions and retain engineering review. Reduced lighting loads can change heating and cooling demand, and improved schedules can alter replacement sizing, so combined measures must be assessed consistently.
Translate energy into financial value
Apply the relevant tariff structure, including time-of-use charges or demand components where applicable, rather than assuming every saved unit has the same value. Separate energy reduction from changes in price. Compare installed cost, maintenance effects, expected life and disruption alongside simple payback. Sensitivity testing for energy prices, operating hours and capital costs helps decision-makers understand uncertainty without presenting a forecast as a guaranteed return.
Agree verification before implementation
Define the measurement boundary, baseline adjustments, reporting period and responsibilities before equipment or controls change. A whole-building comparison may suit a broad project, while an isolated measure may need targeted metering. IPMVP provides recognised approaches that can be selected to fit the scope. After implementation, compare adjusted baseline consumption with measured use and investigate material deviations. Report energy and cost outcomes separately, with assumptions and limitations visible.
Reference & further reading
Official technical resource. Confirm applicability to your facility and engagement.
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